Maca, sometimes called Peruvian ginseng, is a plant native to the high Andes of Peru. A member of the cruciferous family, related to broccoli and cabbage, its root has a nutty, slightly caramel-like taste. Peruvians have used maca as a food and in traditional medicine for centuries.
Maca root is usually dried and ground into a powder. It contains vitamins and minerals such as vitamin C, copper and iron, as well as fibre and some protein. Many claims are made about its health benefits, but it is worth knowing that much of the research so far is small-scale or has been carried out on animals, so more evidence is needed.
Energy and Stamina
Maca is popular with people who want more energy, and some small studies suggest it may help with energy and mood, but the evidence is limited.
Memory and Learning
Some studies in rodents with memory problems have shown improved learning after taking maca. However, there is not yet good evidence that it has the same effect in people.
Fertility and Hormones
Maca has traditionally been used in Peru to support fertility. A few small studies suggest it may have some effect on sperm quality and on menopausal symptoms such as hot flushes, but the results are mixed and more research is needed.
Prostate Health
Some studies have shown that red maca reduced prostate size in rodents. There is not yet good evidence that it does the same in men, so anyone with prostate symptoms should see their GP.
Mood
Maca powder has long been used in drinks in Peru. A few small studies suggest it might help with mood and anxiety, but it is not a treatment for depression or anxiety, and anyone struggling with their mental health should speak to their GP.
How to Take Maca
Maca can be mixed into water, a protein shake or a smoothie, or sprinkled over breakfast cereal. Gelatinised maca has been processed to remove some of the starch, which some people find easier to digest. If you are pregnant, breastfeeding, taking medication or have a health condition, check with your GP or pharmacist before taking maca supplements.
Related: What are the main sources of carbohydrates in your diet?